Statement by the Permanent Representative of Brazil to the United Nations, Ambassador Sérgio França Danese, at the Security Council Open Debate on Middle East - January 28th, 2026

Mr. President,

Brazil aligns itself with the statement by Ireland on behalf of the Core Group of the Shared Commitments on UNRWA.

The gravity of the situation in the Middle East and risks of regional escalation demand that the Security Council does more, in accordance with its responsibilities under the UN Charter. Selective application of international law or paralysis deepen instability and undermines the credibility of the UN.

I shall concentrate on the situation in the State of Palestine, particularly in Gaza, which requires intense international attention. It is unacceptable that, since the "ceasefire", almost 500 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza by Israeli actions; that Israel arbitrarily expands its illegal control, forcibly displaces civilians, and maintains illegal restrictions on humanitarian aid, with deadly consequences. The guarantors of the ceasefire must ensure its full implementation.

The protection of civilians and the unimpeded delivery of humanitarian assistance are legal obligations and must be fully respected.

Only a political solution, grounded in international law and on the two-State solution, can deliver sustainable peace. This entails an independent, sovereign and viable Palestinian State, living side by side with Israel, in peace and security, within the pre-1967 borders, including the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, with East Jerusalem as its capital, in full respect for the Palestinians’ right to self-determination.

Strengthening Palestinian institutions and restoring the political-geographical unity of the State of Palestine are crucial. The New York Declaration reiterated the international commitment to translate longstanding promises into concrete action for peace.

This organization, and this body in particular, offer the only legitimate and internationally accepted framework for the resolution of all issues involving international peace and security. It is crucial to implement resolution 2803 (2025). Brazil strongly suggests that the State of Palestine be invited as a member of the Board of Peace, which should focus its work on the situation in Gaza.

That situation cannot be dissociated from the whole context of occupation. In the West Bank, the actions and statements of Israeli authorities are unlawful and unacceptable. The continuous illegal expansion of settlements aims at preventing the implementation of the two-State solution.

Brazil condemns, in the strongest terms, the incursion by Israeli security forces into UNRWA premises in East Jerusalem, as well as the demolition of UNRWA buildings. Those actions are flagrant violations of all Israel`s obligations to the international community, to international law and international humanitarian law.

As Chair of the UNRWA Advisory Commission, Brazil reaffirms its strong and unwavering support for the Agency. We also underscore the 2024 and 2025 advisory opinions of the ICJ on the Israeli occupation and urge Israel to vacate UNRWA installations and to fully respect the Agency’s mandate.

Excellencies,

We stand at a crossroads. Continued inaction or half-measures perpetuate violence and suffering, while weakening this Council. Brazil calls on the Security Council and the UN, guided by international law and the UN Charter, to act with unity and a renewed sense of responsibility.

Thank you.