Notícias
“10 New Insights” report signals growing climate threats and paths for action
As leaders head to the UN climate summit in Brazil, a new report presents a grim assessment of the planet's climate and an urgent call to accelerate global action.
The report, “10 New Insights in Climate Science,” highlights a worrying acceleration in global warming, growing threats to health and livelihoods, and persistent challenges facing carbon markets, while outlining science-based strategies to close the gap between promises and implementation.
Produced by Future Earth, The Earth League, and the World Climate Research Programme, the annual report synthesizes the latest peer-reviewed findings from various disciplines to inform international climate policy. This year's edition features contributions from more than 70 researchers in over 20 countries and opinions from more than 150 experts worldwide.
Guilherme Mazzochini, an ecologist specializing in ecosystem restoration and researcher at the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, is a co-author of the study. He believes that "by presenting new insights into the impacts of climate on life on Earth and human well-being, the report is essential for bringing cutting-edge science closer to political decisions, especially at this time when Brazil will host COP30. Translating this scientific knowledge into accessible language is essential for decision-makers to develop evidence-based public policies that can strengthen the resilience of ecosystems and human populations in the face of global change."
The report begins with alarming findings from recent climate indicators: 2024 was confirmed as the warmest year on record, with global temperatures 1.55°C above pre-industrial levels. Ocean heat content and sea level rise reached record highs, while Antarctic sea ice reached its second-lowest extent on record. Despite the mounting evidence, global greenhouse gas emissions continued to rise over the past year.
Several observations highlight a dangerous acceleration in changes to the Earth system. New analyses illustrate a high energy imbalance on the planet, an increase in heat absorption by the oceans, and a sharp decline in the global terrestrial carbon sink—trends that suggest the climate system may be warming faster than previously thought. Compounding these risks, the report highlights how biodiversity loss itself can exacerbate climate change by weakening the ability of natural systems to absorb carbon and stabilize the climate.
Other findings focus on the impacts of climate change on humans. Researchers document an accelerated decline in groundwater, threatening water security in several regions, along with evidence that dengue fever is spreading to new territories as global temperatures rise. Meanwhile, heat-induced productivity losses are reducing global income and putting pressure on economies. These impacts disproportionately affect workers in vulnerable sectors and regions.
The report warns that while adaptation efforts must be rapidly scaled up, there are limits to adaptation in the face of unchecked warming. Without deep cuts in emissions, health systems and economies will face increasing pressures and possible systemic collapse.
The final set of observations examines mitigation strategies. The report concludes that carbon dioxide removal remains well below the levels required, even though it will become essential to manage excess temperature. At the same time, voluntary carbon markets continue to suffer from integrity and transparency issues, risking further delays in direct decarbonization.
On the other hand, decades of climate policy experimentation have revealed what works. The report points to strong evidence that well-designed, context-specific policy combinations—especially those that combine carbon pricing with complementary regulations and incentives—deliver deeper and more lasting emissions reductions. As negotiators in Belém work to turn commitments into action, the report 10 New Perspectives in Climate Science 2025/2026 offers concise, evidence-based recommendations. It emphasizes that effective, equitable, science-based policies remain the most powerful tool for protecting people and the planet.